THE PREVALENCE OF CERVICAL INCOMPETENCY IN PRETERM BIRTH AND RECURRENT ABORTION
During normal pregnancy the neck of the uterus (cervix) stays tightly closed, allowing the pregnancy to reach full term. The inability of the uterine cervix to retain a pregnancy in the second trimester is referred to as cervical insufficiency. Cervical insufficiency is an important cause of preterm birth and recurrent pregnancy loss and is estimated to complicate up to 1% of pregnancies. The objective of this study is to find the prevalence of cervical incompetency in preterm birth and recurrent abortion.
A hospital based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted during six months (01/01/1401 to 30/6/1401), on 6802 women who were admitted due to obstetric conditions, 220 (3.23%) women were suffered from cervical incompetency. The women aged 18 -45 years. Women were diagnosed cervical incompetency and admitted in Nangarhar university teaching hospital (gestational age 14-36 weeks) were included in the study. Women were excluded if membranes were prolapsed below the external os, abruption or unexplained vaginal bleeding, uterine activity and cervical change associated with preterm labour. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was adapted for collecting of data.
In 6802 women who admitted due to obstetric conditions, 220 (3.23%) from cervical incompetency. The most affected (53.1%) age group interval was (30 to 40-year age group). about two third (77.27%), fourth-five (80.80%). It one -half (55.45%) of participants were, illiterate and house wives, lived in rural areas and expressed as the economic condition as poor, respectively. The percentage of cervical incompetency in primiparous women were 63(28.63%) and in multiparous women were 157(71.36%), 122(55.45%) women suffered from preterm birth and 98(44.54%) suffered from recurrent pregnancy loss. The most common causes of pregnancy loss were previous history of RPL (46.36%) the other causes were cervical
Trauma (14.09%), congenital and acquired anomaly of uterus (10.90%), uterine fibroma (5.45%), but in some cases the causes are still remain unknown.
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